Kidney Transplant

What Is a Kidney Transplant? Kidneys are vital organs that filter blood to remove waste, extra fluid, and salt from the body. If they stop working, it’s called kidney failure. […]

Hypospadias

What Is Hypospadias? Hypospadias (hye-peh-SPAY-dee-iss) is when the urethra — the tube that drains pee (urine) from the bladder to outside the body — opens in a different place instead […]

Kidney Stones

What Are Kidney Stones? Kidney stones happen when minerals form crystals inside the kidneys. Then they get bigger and become kidney stones. Kidney stones can move into the urinary tract. […]

Hemodialysis

Overview What Is Hemodialysis? Hemodialysis is a medical treatment that uses a machine with a special filter to take waste and extra water out of the blood. It can take […]

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

What Is Obstructive Sleep Apnea? Sleep apnea is when a person stops breathing during sleep. It usually happens because something obstructs, or blocks, the upper airway. This is called obstructive […]

Ventricular Assist Device

What Is a Ventricular Assist Device? A ventricular assist device is a mechanical pump that takes over for the heart and pumps blood. This can give a weak or injured […]

The Fontan Procedure

What Is the Fontan Procedure? The Fontan procedure is a type of open-heart surgery. Children who need this surgery usually have it when they’re 18–36 months old. Why Is the […]

The Glenn Procedure

What Is the Glenn Procedure? The Glenn procedure is a type of open-heart surgery Babies who need this surgery typically have it when they’re 4–6 months old. Why Is the […]

The Lymphatic System and Lymphatic Conditions (Topic Center)

Lymphatic Conditions Chylothorax Chylous Ascites Chyluria CLOVES Syndrome Plastic Bronchitis Protein-Losing Enteropathy Birthmarks and Hemangiomas Birthmarks Port-Wine Stains Congenital Hemangiomas Infantile Hemangiomas Malformations Arteriovenous Malformations Lymphatic Malformations Venous Malformations About […]

The Norwood Procedure

What Is the Norwood Procedure? The Norwood procedure is a type of open-heart surgery for babies born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. It is usually done in the first few […]

Sickle Cell Disease

What Is Sickle Cell Disease? Sickle cell disease is a group of conditions in which red blood cells are not shaped as they should be. Red blood cells normally look […]

Single Ventricle Defects

What Is a Single Ventricle Defect? The heart has four chambers, a left atrium and right atrium and a left ventricle and right ventricle. Having a single ventricle defect means that […]

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)

What Is Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)? Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a problem that happens when the left side of a baby’s heart doesn’t form as it should. […]

Heart Transplant

What Is a Heart Transplant? A heart transplant is a surgery in which doctors remove a person’s sick heart and replace it with a healthy donor heart. Transplants are done […]

Cardiac Catheterization

What Is a Cardiac Catheterization? A cardiac catheterization is a procedure that cardiologists (heart doctors) do. They put a catheter (a long, thin tube) into a blood vessel, then guide […]

Cardiac Stents

What Are Cardiac Stents? Cardiac stents are very small mesh wire tubes. They are used to hold blood vessels open so that blood can flow through the vessels normally. Why […]

Blood Types

Blood transfusions are a lifesaving treatment for many Americans. Blood transfusions are needed for many reasons, including surgery, after accidents, and for patients with chronic illnesses and cancer. Every 2 […]

Cardiac Arrest

What Is Cardiac Arrest? Cardiac arrest is when changes in the normal electrical activity of the heart make it suddenly stop beating. The heart no longer pumps blood to the […]

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

What Is an Atrial Septal Defect? An atrial septal defect (ASD) — sometimes called a hole in the heart — is a type of congenital heart defect in which there […]