Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

What Is Leukemia? Leukemia is a cancer that mostly affects white blood cells. White blood cells (also called leukocytes) fight infections. Bone marrow is a spongy material inside the bones […]

Cancer (Topic Center)

Childhood Cancer Most kids with cancer get better. This site helps you learn about the types of cancer that are more likely to affect kids, their treatment, and what you […]

Cancer Treatment & Fertility

Most children with childhood cancers survive, thanks to effective medical care. Some treatments cause few or no problems with reproductive health. Others, though, can greatly affect fertility. But options like […]

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS)

What Is Meconium? Meconium is a newborn’s first poop. This sticky, thick, dark green poop is made up of cells, protein, fats, and intestinal secretions, like bile. Babies typically pass […]

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN)

What Is Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn? Some newborns have very fast or labored breathing in the first few hours of life because of a lung condition called transient tachypnea […]

Cystic Fibrosis and Nutrition

What Is Cystic Fibrosis? Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects the body’s epithelial cells. These cells are found in many places, including the sweat glands, lungs, and […]

Apnea of Prematurity

What Is Apnea of Prematurity? Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is when a premature (or preterm) baby: pauses breathing for more than 15 to 20 seconds or pauses breathing for less […]

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD)

What Is Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia? Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), sometimes called chronic lung disease, is a problem with how a baby’s lung tissue develops. Babies who are born very early or who […]

Wrist X-Ray Exam

Overview What’s a Wrist X-Ray and What Does It Show? A wrist X-ray is a safe and painless test that uses a small amount of radiation to make an image […]

Spinal Fusion Surgery

Overview What Is Spinal Fusion Surgery? Spinal fusion surgery is a treatment for spine problems like scoliosis (when the spine curves from side to side). The goal is to straighten […]

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

What Is Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis? A good, stable hip joint is what lets us walk, run, jump, and many other things. But in some kids, the hipbone doesn’t connect […]

Scoliosis: Bracing

Overview What Is a Scoliosis Brace and Why Is It Used? Scoliosis makes a person’s spine curve from side to side. These curves can get worse as kids grow and […]

Polydactyly

What Is Polydactyly? Polydactyly (pol-ee-DAK-tuh-lee) is when a baby is born with an extra finger on the hand or an extra toe on the foot. It can be on one […]

Pelvic X-Ray Exam

Overview What’s a Pelvic X-Ray and What Does It Show? A pelvic X-ray (or pelvis X-ray) is a safe and painless test that uses a small amount of radiation to […]

Osteomyelitis

What Is Osteomyelitis? Osteomyelitis is the medical term for inflammation in a bone. It’s usually caused by a bacterial infection. It often affects the long bones of the arms and […]

Osteosarcoma

What Is Osteosarcoma? Osteosarcoma is a cancerous bone tumor. It happens most often in the arms and legs but can affect other bones too. Treatments can help most children who […]

Low Calcium in Babies (Hypocalcemia)

What Is Hypocalcemia? Hypocalcemia (hye-poe-kal-SEE-mee-uh) is when the level of calcium in the blood is too low. Calcium is a mineral that the body needs to build healthy bones and teeth. […]

Limb Lengthening Surgery: External Fixator

Recovery after limb lengthening surgery with an external fixator goes best when you know what to expect. The surgery is a big commitment, and it takes most kids about a […]

Leg Length Discrepancy

What Is Leg Length Discrepancy? Kids with a leg length discrepancy have legs that are different lengths. This happens because the thigh bone (femur), shinbones (tibia or fibula), or both […]