Bones & Muscles

• Idiopathic Scoliosis

  Kids of any age can have idiopathic scoliosis, but it’s usually found when a child begins going through puberty. Find out more about the signs of and treatment for idiopathic scoliosis.

• Iliotibial Band Syndrome

  Iliotibial (IT) band syndrome is an overuse or repetitive stress injury to the knee or hip that often happens when the knee is bent a lot, like in cycling or running.

• Incentive Spirometer

  An incentive spirometer trains people to take slow, deep breaths. It’s used during recovery from some types of surgery or as a way to manage illness. Find out how it works.

• Intoeing

  Intoeing is when feet point inward while walking. It happens in a lot of kids who are learning to walk. Sometimes people call it walking “pigeon-toed.”

• Jumper’s Knee

  Jumper’s knee is an overuse injury that happens when frequent jumping, running, and changing direction damages the patellar tendon.

• Knee Injuries

  Knee injuries are common among young athletes. Learn about causes, treatments, and prevention.

• Kniest Dysplasia

  Kniest dysplasia is a type of skeletal dysplasia, causing short stature (dwarfism) and other bone problems, along with vision and hearing problems.

• Knock Knees (Genu Valgum)

  Kids often have knock knees (when knees touch but the ankles are apart). They usually go away without on their own by the time a child is 7 or 8 years old.

• Kyphosis

  Everyone’s spine is slightly rounded forward at a gentle angle. If this angle is too pronounced, more than 50 degrees or so, it’s called kyphosis, also known as roundback or hunchback.

• Leg Length Discrepancy

  Leg length discrepancy is when someone’s legs are different lengths. For a big difference or one that’s likely to get worse, treatment is recommended.